Thai PM Paetongtarn Shinawatra Ousted in Court Ruling

Thailand’s Constitutional Court dismissed Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra from office on August 29, 2023, citing an ethics violation linked to a leaked telephone conversation. This decision marks a significant setback for the Shinawatra political dynasty, as she becomes the sixth prime minister associated with the family to be removed amid ongoing political turbulence in Thailand.

During the leaked phone call in June, Paetongtarn appeared to seek favor from former Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen, coinciding with rising tensions between Thailand and Cambodia. Following the call, armed conflict erupted at the border, lasting for five days. The court’s ruling not only ends her premiership after just one year but also complicates the political landscape, necessitating a parliamentary vote to elect a new prime minister.

The Pheu Thai Party, which Paetongtarn leads, is now in a weakened position, facing challenges to maintain its coalition amid a narrow parliamentary majority. The ruling could lead to a prolonged process in selecting her successor, as political maneuvering intensifies. Paetongtarn, who is the daughter of influential tycoon Thaksin Shinawatra, expressed regret over the leaked call, stating her intention was to avert war.

Political Landscape in Flux

This ruling underscores the ongoing power struggle in Thailand, where the Constitutional Court has played a pivotal role in reshaping leadership. Paetongtarn is the fifth prime minister in 17 years to be removed by the court, highlighting the judiciary’s significant influence in political affairs.

The search for a new prime minister will now begin, with Deputy Prime Minister Phumtham Wechayachai set to lead the government in a caretaker role until a successor is appointed. The timeline for this transition remains uncertain, with no stipulated deadline for the parliamentary vote.

Five candidates are eligible to take over, with only one, Chaikasem Nitisiri, a 77-year-old former attorney general from Pheu Thai, standing out. His limited political experience and low profile may raise questions about the party’s strategy moving forward. Other potential candidates include Prayut Chan-o-cha, a former prime minister and military leader, and Anutin Charnvirakul, who recently withdrew his party from the coalition over the ethics scandal.

Implications for the Nation

This ruling thrusts Thailand into a new phase of political uncertainty, coinciding with public dissatisfaction over stalled reforms and a struggling economy. The central bank projected a modest growth rate of just 2.3 percent for the year, adding to societal unrest.

Political analysts, such as Stithorn Thananithichot from Chulalongkorn University, emphasize the complexities ahead. He noted, “Appointing a new prime minister … will be difficult and may take considerable time. It’s not easy for all parties to align their interests.” The Pheu Thai Party, now at a disadvantage, must navigate a challenging political environment, amidst an opposition that commands considerable public support and is advocating for early elections.

As the political landscape evolves, the ramifications of the court’s decision will resonate throughout Thailand, potentially reshaping its governance and future direction amidst ongoing challenges.