Cambodia to Activate Military Conscription Law in 2026

Cambodia will begin implementing military conscription starting in 2026, as announced by Prime Minister Hun Manet on July 14, 2024. This decision comes in response to increasing tensions with neighboring Thailand. The activation of this long-dormant law, which was initially approved by the Cambodian parliament in 2006, mandates that all Cambodians aged 18 to 30 serve in the military for a duration of 18 months.

The context for this policy shift lies in recent confrontations between Cambodia and Thailand. Since May, a longstanding territorial dispute escalated into violent exchanges, leading to the death of one Cambodian soldier. During a ceremony at the Royal Gendarmerie Training Centre in Kampong Chhnang province, Hun Manet emphasized the necessity of reviewing and reforming the military in light of these tensions.

“This episode of confrontation is a lesson for us and is an opportunity for us to review, assess and set our targets to reform our military,” Hun Manet stated. His remarks highlight the Cambodian government’s recognition of the need for a more robust military structure and preparedness.

The decision to enforce conscription is likely to have significant implications for Cambodian society. With an estimated population of over 16 million, the implementation of this law will require a substantial portion of young adults to participate in military service. The government has not enforced this conscription law since its approval, making the upcoming changes particularly notable.

The announcement has raised various opinions among citizens and political analysts. Some view it as a necessary step to bolster national defense, while others express concerns about the impact on young people’s futures and the potential for increased militarization in Cambodia.

As tensions with Thailand persist, this move by the Cambodian government signals a shift in military policy and highlights the complex geopolitical landscape in Southeast Asia. The conscription law, once dormant for nearly two decades, will now become a reality, reflecting Cambodia’s response to regional security challenges.

As the government prepares for the rollout of this program, many will be watching closely to see how it unfolds and affects both military readiness and civil society in Cambodia.